Blog Posts

Before we can use the Corporate Email Admin Panel, the mail service must first be set up and the MX records must be fully redirected.

We log into our service, which has the installation
and necessary MX records fully configured, from the link below.

https://customermail.ni.net.tr/iredadmin/dashboard/checknew

We log in with the information provided to us by the Netinternet ²⁴⁄₇ Support Team or the information sent to our email
address.

When we log in, our admin
panel appears.

We add our first
user by clicking Add at the top. The important thing here is not to create a simple password for our mail account. You can use the strong password generated by the system as shown in the image.

After clicking Add, on the page that appears, different settings for the user we added are displayed.

In this
section;

Forwarding ; Mail forwarding

Aliases ; Alias

White/Blacklist ; Block unwanted incoming emails (spam)

Password ; Change the user’s password

After making the necessary settings and clicking Save, our user will be created.

We
can access our created user via webmail or applications such as Outlook.

Webmail;

https://customermail.ni.net.tr/mail/

Htop is a monitoring program for Linux servers that shows which processes are consuming how many resources in real time, and displays CPU, RAM, and instant load status.

After logging into
the server via SSH, running the following commands is sufficient for installation.

Installation

rpm -Uvh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/Packages/h/htop-1.0.3-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

After the installation is complete, you
can check instant resource consumption by typing the “htop” command in the command line.

Changing the SSH port is a necessary operation for server security. The default port 22 that comes after installation, or frequently used SSH ports, are continuously scanned by bots. We
recommend that you do not use well-known or default ports to prevent your server from being hacked.

To change the port, after logging into the server via SSH;

nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config

we open the file containing the SSH settings
with this command. In this file, there will be information indicating the port as shown below.

You can change the #Port 22 section here to a port you will not forget. Make sure the new port you enter is not a frequently used or well-known port. After making the
change, you can save and exit the file with the CTRL+X and then Y key combination. Finally, you need to restart the sshd service for the port setting to become active.

/etc/init.d/sshd restart

To disable the ping service, which is sometimes necessary for security;

echo 0 >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/icmp_echo_ignore_all

To enable it
again;

echo 1 >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/icmp_echo_ignore_all

Memory usage on Linux servers is one of the common challenges for those new to server management. We think that with this article, you can have clearer information about memory usage
on your Linux servers.

The command you need to use to view memory usage is the free command. When you type this command, the terminal output will be as follows.

             total       used       free     shared    buffers

  cached

Mem:       3924572    2788396    1136176          0     410880    1679744

-/+ buffers/cache:     697772    3226800

Swap:      8388600     655712    7732888

You can use some special parameters to display the values in the command’s output more
readably. The most commonly preferred parameter is the free -m parameter. For more parameters, you can type man free to access all parameters of the free command. The output of the free -m parameter is as follows;
values are given in megabytes with this command.

             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached

Mem:          3832       2842        989          0        419       1736

-/+ buffers/cache:        686       3145

Swap:

   8191        639       7552

The common mistake when viewing and evaluating memory usage is interpreting the Used column of the Mem: field in the output as active memory usage. However, in reality, the active memory
usage is not the value in the used column. The Linux kernel tries to use the memory in the system at the most optimal level and stores information kept in memory, ready to be used when needed. For this reason, the Mem: section shows both the amount of actively used
memory and the amount of cache stored in RAM that can be cleared when needed.

For these reasons, the section in the 2nd line of the free command shows the actual usage excluding the disk cache.

-/+ buffers/cache:        686

  3145

The actual amount of memory you are using on the system is the used column shown in the -/+ buffers/cache: row.

Finally, we will inform you about the Swap: function in the free
-m output. Swap is the virtual memory amount that the operating system resorts to in order to prevent itself from becoming unstable when the amount of physical memory is completely exhausted. This virtual memory runs on the hard disks of your server. Do not
confuse this with cache — if a server starts using swap memory, it will start running very slowly. If there is any usage in the used column of the Swap: row on your server, we can say that at a certain point, your physical memory was
insufficient and Linux resorted to swap memory. (Some applications work differently in this regard and may prioritize using swap memory.)

When you start using swap, your server’s load values increase, and since access to data in swap memory is at a much lower
speed than actual physical memory, it can create serious performance issues. To free up swap memory, you can apply the following commands.

swapoff -a

swapon -a

You can send your questions about memory usage to us in the comments
section.

You can monitor instant operations and requests via the Litespeed admin panel and configure Litespeed’s server settings. You can access the Litespeed admin panel directly from WHM
or directly via the 7080 port.

http://server-ip-address:7080

You set the admin password yourself during the initial installation. If you created a complex
password, it would be good to write it down somewhere. But let’s assume you didn’t note it down and forgot it. In that case, will you not be able to log into the Litespeed panel? You will be able to, but only after resetting the password.

The password reset
process needs to be done via SSH. Therefore, connect to the server as root via SSH. We need to enter the directory where the Litespeed files are located and run the password reset script.

cd

  /usr/local/lsws/admin/misc/

We enter the directory with the above command and list the files inside with the ll or ls command. In the directory we entered, there will be a file called admpass.sh. We run this file as
follows.

To run an executable file on the server with a command, it is sufficient to write ./ before the file name.

After the command runs, it will ask for the username whose password you want to reset. By default, the user is always
admin. After entering the username, in the second step it will ask you to enter the new password. Enter the new password, then enter it again for confirmation, and complete the process.

Administrator’s

  username/password is updated successfully!

If you received command output like above, you have successfully reset your password.

We log into WHM Panel and go to the Litespeed tab,

We see that the version used is 4.2.19, the version we will update to will be 4.2.20, we click,

We can see the previous updates listed below, we click
Upgrade,

The process is
complete.

Litespeed is software that is continuously updated at regular intervals. To close known vulnerabilities and for development purposes, the Litespeed company releases different versions at regular
intervals to keep their software up to date. You also need to use the latest current version on your server. You can check the Litespeed version and perform upgrade operations both via WHM and via SSH. To perform an upgrade using the simple interface, it is sufficient
to access the Litespeed Web Server plugin in WHM.

On the panel in WHM, you can immediately see the section showing Current Version: 5.0.2. You will see information about the version you are currently using. If there is a newer version available
than the one you are using on your server, it will display the latest version number to you as a red warning.

To perform a version upgrade, you need to enter the section you see here. After entering, it will show you old and new
versions in a list. At the very top, there will also be an Upgrade button with which you can upgrade to the latest version. You can perform your version upgrade with this button.

During the upgrade process, the Litespeed service
continues to run. However, just in case, it is best to perform operations at night or during the server’s least busy hours.

We log into our Maestro Panel,

We go to the E-Mail tab,

We click on New Email and enter our email information,

When we click Save, our email account will be created.